Racism in The Crown Jewel and Heart of Darkness The effects of British colonialism are reflected in both early modern and post-colonial literature. Racial discrimination tainted both eras represented in the British morality of white supremacy over non-European countries. Heart of Darkness exemplifies early modernism in which British explorers viewed the native Africans of the Congo as incapable of human equality due to perceived uncivilized savagery. There was little to no personal interaction between the races, as newly conquered Africans were still seen as aliens. Likewise, Jewel in the Crown, an example of postcolonialism, echoes the racism of British rule in India. Postcolonial literature evolved from early modernism as the focus was on the interactions between the English and the people they conquered in modernism. Racism was still prevalent in postcolonialism, yet the literature offers a slightly subhuman view of Indians. Characters in both literary works express reactions to "learned prejudice" in that whites are in "control of a black man's country" (Jewel of the Crown, P.150). Furthermore, the theme of common human bonds between blacks and whites develops as British characters reject racism in "critique of the culture's traditional values" (Modern Literature handout, P.4). Through the recognized human bond, the need to bridge the gap between whites and blacks develops. The theory of British modernism "an awareness of the primitiveness and savagery of constructed civilization, and therefore an interest in non-European peoples" (), was still evident in postcolonialist literature. The British explorer of uncivilized Africa, Marlow in Heart of Darkness, has...... half of the document ...... lived in early Modernism and postcolonial literature. The British value of learned prejudice produced fear of dark skin, especially when curious attraction and primitive instinct seemed natural to the English. However, when values ​​are questioned and basic human emotions are shared, human bonding becomes blind to skin color. The theme in both literary pieces reflects Carl Jung's theory that "all human beings share a common spiritual/psychic heritage, collective unconscious, racial memories" (English handout 103 HofDEaarly Modernism, p., 2). Works Cited Agatucci, Cora .Conrad Study GuideDamrosch, David, et al., ed. The Longman Anthology of British Literature: Vol. B. Compact ed. New York: Longman - Addison Wesley Longman, 2000. Scott, Paul. The jewel in the crown. [1966.] Vol. 1 of the Raj Quartet. Rpt. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.