Motivational needs and processesWhat is motivation? 'Motivation' comes from the Latin term 'movere' which means 'to move'. Therefore, motivation is a process that begins with a physiological or psychological deficiency or need that activates a behavior or drive aimed at a goal or incentive (Luthans). In general, motivation is the willingness to exert high levels of effort towards organizational goals, conditioned by the ability of the efforts to satisfy some individual needs (Robbins). Need means an internal state that causes certain outcomes to appear attractive. An unsatisfied need creates a tension that stimulates drives within the individual. These drives generate a search behavior to find particular goals which, if achieved, will satisfy the need and lead to the reduction of tension. In other words, needs create reasons for a particular action (behavior). The primary reasons are hunger, thirst, maternal concerns, pain avoidance, etc. These reasons are involuntary. Then there are secondary motivations that play an important role in motivating employees. Examples of secondary motives are: need for success, need for power, need for affiliation, need for security and need for status. Theories of Motivation Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: Abraham Maslow suggested that the needs of human being can be arranged in a hierarchical order. He argued that the moment a particular need is satisfied, it ceases to be motivating. Below is the hierarchy of needs (the company strategies to satisfy them are in brackets) Self-realization: self-realization (opportunities for personal growth, realization of potential) Esteem needs: self-respect, autonomy, achievement, recognition (titles, status, symbols, promotion... half of the paper ......addresses the organization by providing them with a role in decision making, autonomy, empowerment and ownership Therefore, employee engagement strategies connect the destinies of employees with the company/organization. For example, by ensuring employees have a role in the decision-making process, Ford Motors has benefited in terms of improved product design, cost reduction, improved quality and overall productivity of workers to management is ensured by works councils, works councils, quality circles etc. Furthermore, many companies are now offering employee share ownership plans in a big way to ensure employee involvement. Reward system Many companies are using performance-related rewards to motivate employees. Examples are variable pay, profit sharing, profit sharing, skill-based pay, flexible benefits, etc.