The majority of reported abuse occurs in children under the age of three. Sometimes, if what the parent tells the technician about what happened is not related to the pathology observed, then a serious case of child abuse can be created. Child abuse is classified into six main types, such as: neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological maltreatment, medical negligence, and other abuse. Radiology can help confirm child abuse in all categories, but radiography has an important role in physical abuse (Bontrager, 2014). Radiographic indications for child abuse are mainly: classic metaphyseal injuries, rib fractures, and healing fractures (Bontrager, 2014). The classic metaphyseal injury (CML) is a fracture of a long bone. It is along the metaphysis that a tear or avulsion of the metaphysis occurs. Angular fracture and bucket handle fracture are other names for CML based on their appearance and location. On an x-ray technicians should look for crescent-shaped bone densities adjacent to the avulsion fragment. This type of fracture is caused by vigorous forces exerted on the metaphysis, such as pulling on an extremity or holding a child around the chest and shaking the child violently, as in shaken baby syndrome (Bontrager, 2014). Rib fractures primarily represent shaken baby syndrome. . When a child is forcefully held under the armpit and shaken, the amount of force exerted in the anterior and posterior direction is enough to fracture multiple ribs. This allows for fractures at the costovertebral and costotransverse joints. This action can also fracture the scapula posteriorly and the sternum anteriorly (Bontrager, 2014). Multiple healing fractures also raise the possibility of child abuse. However, technologists should also care for children and diagnose pyloric stenosis, which can often eliminate the need for a study of the upper gastrointestinal tract. It is used on children with sickle cell disease to take images of major blood vessels and to check for signs of vascular spasms that could indicate an impending cerebrovascular accident. A new form of ultrasound is three-dimensional fetal ultrasound, which facilitates early diagnosis of potential genetic abnormalities by allowing better visualization of soft tissues, such as features and shapes of the face and head (Bontrager, 2014). Works Cited Bontrager, K.L., & Lampignano, J.P. (2014). Radiographic positioning and related anatomy (8th ed., pp. 624-626). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.Alterman, D. M. (2013, August 2). Considerations on pediatric trauma. In Medscape. Retrieved March 25, 2014, from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/435031-overview#a1