The acute consequence of a concussion is a cascade of molecular changes in the brain that affect performance and increase vulnerability to repeated injury. Multiple repeated injuries can be long-lasting and potentially debilitating. The goal should be prevention of single and repeated concussions. Following a concussion, adequate time must be allowed for physiological recovery to prevent cumulative damage. Wild bootstrap analysis found significant changes in the white matter of the concussed athlete. Other athletes with sub-concussive blows to the head had changes in a percentage of their white matter that were more than 3 times higher than controls. If validated in larger cohorts, the relationship between these white matter changes and concussions will need to be further studied. Currently, MRI (T1-weighted) scans and CT scans are an inadequate way to manage patients with sports-related concussions due to the inability to detect subtle structural structures. changes in the white matter of the brain. These changes can only be detected through DTI scans, thus serving as a biomarker for concussion and can provide an objective diagnostic tool to help determine injury severity, management, and aid in making return-to-play decisions. Concussion is a series of metabolic events within the brain with distinct phases of injury and recovery. Human and animal studies have shown that following traumatic brain injury; there is a vulnerable period for the injury to recur. Recent clinical data has shown long-term effects of previous concussions on cognitive and motor functions. The pathophysiology of concussion is different in children and adolescents compared to adults due to unique brain development in the former group. The findings provide preliminary evidence that young athletes with repetitive… half of the article… concussion prevention in sport really needs to be the primary goal. The results showed that post-concussive symptom severity was significantly correlated with a reduction in white matter integrity, as manifested by increased diffusivity and reduced anisotropic diffusion. Furthermore, the findings suggest microstructural damage as a neuropathological substrate of post-concussion syndrome. Mild head trauma can have a lingering effect on the function and structure of the brain. This review describes the impact on mild TBI and its potential effect on brain regions and connectivity. The child and adolescent brain presents a challenge in this type of injury and highlights the need for specific management of the developing central nervous system. New neuroimaging modalities may identify markers of severity and long-term disability and help delineate more precise treatments for the neurologic sequelae of mild TBI.