• BIO-112-IT1-S-14 Topic 7 Exam Module 2 - topics for an essay and an exhibition...Virus. 1. Why aren't viruses living organisms? Pg325 viruses are not considered living organisms because they have a unique viral structure. This means that viruses are not cells because they have no nucleus, organelle or cytoplasm and no genetic material. Not having any of these characteristics, viruses cannot be considered a living cell because they do not metabolize, respond to stimuli or reproduce on their own. They must infect a living cell by entering the entire host to reproduce more.2. Label the parts of a typical virus. Know the function of each part.Pg 324???3. Give examples of diseases that cause viruses. P 325 Viruses that cause disease have a reservoir in which the virus exists and is where most symptoms in host animals do or do not appear. The reservoir animal serves as a continuous source of viruses for other host species. Some examples of this reservoir virus causing disease in humans include avian influenza and West Nile encephalitis, transmitted by wild birds. Rodents carry viruses that cause Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, mosquitoes carry yellow fever, and raccoons carry rabies.4. Describe the general cycle of viral replication.p326General viral replication is like a car assembly factor: it begins with attachments that bind the cell surface receptor of the virus. It then moves on to penetration where the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell. The next step is synthesis in which the host cell produces nucleic acids and viral proteins. Next is assembly where new viruses are assembled from newly synthesized coat proteins, enzymes, and nucleic acids. It eventually releases the new viruses from the h...... middle of paper ......ion. Bacterial reproduction occurs asexually while most bacteria reproduce by binary fission where a single DNA molecule replicates and both copies attach to the cell membrane where the membrane begins to grow between the two molecules once the bacterium doubles its sides, the cell begins to pinch inward where a cell wall forms between the two molecules that divides the original cell into two identical daughter cells. Because the two daughter cells are identical, they are sensitive to the same type of antibiotics to prevent this from happening, the daughter cells incorporate genetic variation, a process called recombination which can be accomplished through conjugation, transformation, or transduction. They can exchange genes between another bacterium or absorb different DNA, most commonly dead bacterial cells from their environment or be contained by bacteriophages.