IntroductionRetailing is the sale of goods and services by an individual or business to the end user. Retailers are part of an integrated system called a supply chain. A retailer purchases goods and products in large quantities from manufacturers directly or through a wholesaler, then sells smaller quantities to the consumer for a profit. Retail can be carried out both in fixed locations and online. Retail includes subordinate services, such as delivery. The term "retail" is also applied when a service provider meets the needs of a large number of individuals, such as a public utility, such as electricity. Stores may be located on residential streets, streets with few or no homes, or in a shopping center. The shopping streets could be exclusively pedestrian. Sometimes a commercial street has a partial or full roof to protect customers from precipitation. Online retail, a type of electronic commerce used for Business-to-Consumer (B2C) transactions and mail orders, is a form of non-store retail. Shopping generally refers to the act of purchasing products. Sometimes this is done to obtain basic necessities such as food and clothing. It is sometimes done as a recreational activity. Recreational shopping often involves window shopping (just looking, not buying) and browsing and doesn't always result in a purchase. Retail design is a creative and commercial discipline that combines different areas of expertise in the design and construction of commercial spaces. Retail design is primarily a specialized practice of architecture and interior design, but also incorporates elements of interior decoration, industrial design, graphics, ergonomics and advertising. Retail design is a very specialized discipline due to the high demand......center of the card......minerals made by Terence Conan. The rise of boutiques was followed, over the next two decades, by an overall increase in consumer spending across the developed world. This increase has resulted in a change in retail design to compensate for the increased focus on the customer and alternatives. Many designer retail stores have redesigned themselves over the period to keep up with changing consumer tastes. These changes have led on the one hand to the creation of multiple “expensive and unique designer shops” aimed at specific designers and retailers. The rise of the Internet and Internet retail in the latter part of the 20th century and into the 21st century has seen another change in retail design to compensate. Many different non-Internet industries have turned to retail design and its practices to attract online shoppers to physical stores, where retail design can be appropriately utilized.