Only one indigenous South African was admitted to the organization in 1962, prompting some of its members to form an all-white branch of the agency (PIRSA). While the two organizations eventually collaborated in 1970 and 1983, ushering in the formation of the Psychological Association of South Africa; during this time, public services were substandard, quality services were beyond the price range of the average individual of color, and services were not structured to meet the psychosocial needs of its citizens. As a result, the specific problems faced by South Africans have not been targeted by psychology professionals and a substantial proportion of individuals have been inappropriately diagnosed. Given the continuing impact of institutional racism during this time period, the development of psychology in South Africa remained under the influence of Afrikaans men until it became a democratic nation in 1994 (Cooper cited in Leach, et al, 2012 ; Vogelman, et al, (1992), as Cooper explains (cited in Leach, et al, 2012), since the abolition of apartheid in 1994, “The flourishing development of psychology as a profession in the Southern African region has led to search for the creation of ethical frameworks in those countries where psychology has legal recognition, using international benchmarks”