Kant's Universal Law Formula is determined a priori and is the idea that for something to be moral it must pass a universal test. In the Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals Kant states to act as if the maxim of one's action became a universal law of nature. This means that an act can be considered the right thing to do if it can be applied to everyone else and it would be right for everyone else to act that way. When looking at Dr. Tom's actions as when looking at Kant's Universal Law Formula, Tom's actions fail the test. In this case Mary does not want her organs to be donated because she believes she has a chance of survival. Tom knows that Mary will die soon, so he takes Mary's organs against her will and in exchange saves the lives of three other patients. In testing this case with Kant's Universal Law Formula, the maxim would be that Mary wants to live, so she wants to keep her organs. Tom knows that he will die soon and that his organs can save three more people, so he takes them. To test this maxim would be to say that if someone were to die soon, anyone could harvest any organ if those organs wanted to save a life, even if doing so was against the donor's wishes. The results of this test would conclude that Tom's actions would not be consistent with Kant's Universal Law Formula. If every doctor took organs from patients who would soon die to save the lives of others even if it was against the donor's will, people would sooner or later stop going to the doctor. Furthermore, if Tom's actions were to be universalized, the idea of ​​one person agreeing or disagreeing with being a donor would be trumped by another's willingness to harvest whatever organ they wanted to save a... half of paper... ...the act of sacrificing oneself in most cases produces pain and does not produce pleasure. Although taking one's own life is not the right thing to do in terms of Mill's Greatest Happiness Principle, there is an exception to this act. If a person must sacrifice himself, it must be done in a way that increases the good of all so that it is not a waste. If Maria had agreed to donate her organs before dying she would have done the right thing. He would maximize happiness by saving as many lives as possible; the three patients who needed his donations as soon as possible. In conclusion, Mill's Greatest Happiness Principle would work better in this case due to Tom's efforts to maximize happiness. His actions were right in terms of the Greatest Happiness Theory because he saved the lives of three people and maximized happiness.