The first topic I will talk about is Candide, a satire written by the philosopher François Marie Arouet, known by the pseudonym Voltaire. The candied main characters adapt the idea that everything happens for the best, no matter how bad it is. It is about a man who falls in love with a woman and after that goes through many hardships as he travels the world with his many companions. The novel attacks the church through irony and satire, mentions how the church punishes people for having heretical ideas, which contradicts the goals of the Enlightenment as the latter advocates explaining the world through science in a way that separates ideas from those mentioned in the Bible. The novel includes a character called "Pangloss", who is a caricature of the German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz. “Pangloss” supports the idea that everything is fine in the best of all possible worlds, an idea that is destroyed in the novel. Candide is a novel that talks about the idea of ​​theodicy. The Enlightenment sparked the scientific revolution. It was in a time when everyone's life was based on the church. The Enlightenment focused on looking at things from a scientific point of view, the scientific revolution helped shape those thoughts and ideas. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Europe's vision of the world changed from a religious vision to a strictly secular vision. Advances in science were the petty reason behind Europe making such a change. Aristotle (348-322 BC) had many scientific ideas that had a huge influence in shaping the world as we know it. One of his ideas was that everything that moved was moved by another object which in turn was...... middle of paper......en in standard, having the ability to understand everything and the usual protection of the value of reason disappears. The existentialist evaluation of reason expects this perfect Greek of reason, and the Jewish idea of ​​trust is an essential antecedent of the existentialist emphasis on movement. Suppose, for example, that there is a road and we are told that we should travel along it; according to our question “Why?”, we might be advised to do so because the walk itself might be fascinating or useful (good for our health); but in case we were told that there was a priceless fortune at the end of the path, then the basis for walking could convey an unbearable burden to us. It is this luck at the road closure that has disappeared from the modern skyline, for the fundamental reason that the road closure itself has disappeared..