IntroductionMany studies have shown that resistance training improves strength and many other aspects in the elderly population. While the literature covers a wide variety of such theories, this review will focus on the major themes, which will emerge repeatedly throughout the literature reviewed. These themes are: high intensity resistance training improves muscle mass, strength and hypertrophy, muscle hypertrophy was due to increases in type I and II fibres, and increases in muscle mass and strength were slightly about the same for both men and women, but it was an overall increase in strength adaptations (Williams & Stewart, 2009). While this literature presents these themes in a variety of contexts, this article will primarily focus on the effect of resistance training on the older population in terms of muscle hypertrophy and strength. Human aging is inevitable; it is characterized by a decline in skeletal muscle mass, along with a decrease in muscle strength (Van Roie, Delecluse, Coudyzer, Boonen, & Bautmans, 2013). Resistance exercise has been characterized as an effective treatment strategy to counteract the loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength (Leenders, M., Verdijk, LB, van der Hoeven, L., van Kranenburg, J., Nilwik , R., & van Loon, L.J.) (2013). In the study by Kemmler, W., & von Stengel, S. (2013) it was shown that with an exercise frequency greater than two sessions per week at relatively high levels it is necessary to apply a high intensity to achieve an impact on the muscle appearance -skeletal of the body. Even in the very elderly population, an increase in muscle mass, strength and functional capacity is found after resistance training (Leenders et al., 2013). BodyAs age advances, there is a progressive loss of muscle mass...... half article ......men aged between 65 and 75. Gerontology, 42(4), 204-210. Valeria, Z., Renato, G., Luisa, C., Bruno, V., Mauro, Z., & Matteo, C. (2014). Interventions against sarcopenia in elderly people. Curr Pharm Des. Van Roie, E., Delecluse, C., Coudyzer, W., Boonen, S., & Bautmans, I. (2013). High or low external resistance strength training in older adults: effects on muscle volume, muscle strength, and force-velocity characteristics. Esp Gerontol, 48(11), 1351-1361. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.08.010Wieser, M., & Haber, P. (2007). The effects of systematic resistance training in older adults. Int J Sports Med, 28(1), 59-65. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924057Williams, M. A., & Stewart, K. J. (2009). Impact of strength and resistance training on cardiovascular disease risk factors and outcomes in older adults. Clin Geriatr Med, 25(4), 703-714, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2009.07.003