There are many events surrounding the rise and fall of the Berlin Wall, I will try to explain some of them in my next write-up. Walter Ulbricht was responsible for building the Wall. He was a long-time member of the German Communist Party. After 1958 the German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany) entered a new phase of development. As a result, a sharp increase in industrial production was ordered in East Berlin. This was part of a seven-year economic plan to bring per capita consumption in the GDR to the level of the Federal Republic or Germany (FRG or West Germany). The only major loophole in this project was the open border to the West. Berlin. Which hundreds of East Germans were leaving the country every day. Most of them went underground and were not noticed. Even regular spot checks by the police had no effect because most people avoided it by making several trips with a few belongings at a time. This flow of refugees continued for about six months. After that it stopped for a while, but as soon as the effect of the Seven Year Plan began to be felt the flow of refugees began again. In 1959 there were a total of 144,000 and in 1960 they rose to 199,000 and in the first seven months of 1961 it rose to 207,000. This included hundreds of professionals, 688 doctors, 296 dentists, 2,698 engineers. It is estimated that a total of 2.5 million people fled between 1949 and 1961, although Berlin was politically divided at the end of the Second World War. To make the point and stop the flow from East Berlin. It was physically divided by a wall in 1961. Fleeing the republic was now a criminal offence. The inhabitants of East Berlin were effectively locked in their own country. In the summer of 1961 Ulbricht convinced the Russians that force was the only way to stop all the people from fleeing. Early on Sunday morning, August 13, 1961, the Wall was erected. The GDR began to separate East Berlin from West Berlin using barbed wire and anti-tank obstacles. Roads were demolished, paved barricades were erected, and tanks were assembled at crucial locations. Subways and local train services between East and West Berlin were disrupted.