Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie also known as Sir Petrie Flinders lived from 3 June 1853 to 28 July 1942, and was known as an English archaeologist and Egyptologist, he was also considered the "father of Egyptian archaeology " ”. It was he who first called the attention of excavators to the importance of "thoughtless nonsense" as a means of reconstructing the past and developing the chronology of Ancient Egypt, arguing that broken terracottas of people whom most archaeologists ignore could have a much greater value. of its most gigantic monuments. Biography William Matthew Flinders Petrie was born in Charlton, Kent, England, he was the son of William Petrie (1821–1908), a civil engineer and professional surveyor, and Anne Flinders (1812–1892) who was multilingual with an aptitude for fossil science and natural minerals. Due to his poor health he was educated at home, which allowed him to develop early archaeological, ethnological and linguistic interests, particularly in the area of ​​ancient weights and measures and Egyptology. Petrie's first archaeological opinion came at the age of eight after being visited by family friends where he protested that the earth should be removed, inch by inch, to see everything in it and how it lay (Petrie, Seventy Years, p.10) On 26 November 1896, Petrie married Hilda Urlin (1871–1957) in London. They had two children, John (1907–1972) and Ann (1909–1989). When he died in 1942, Petrie donated his head to the Royal College of Surgeons in London while his body was buried in the Protestant cemetery on Mount Zion. Academic career Petrie's only formal education was a college extension course in mathematics. He began as a practical surveyor in the south of England, in this period... midway through the map... at the time the inscription was engraved, Israel was a major player significant enough to be included among all the other major cities -were defeated by Merneptah in the late 13th century BC agree with the biblical narrative. Some other known discoveries by Petrie are: • Fragments of a colossal statue of Ramesses II (1884) during the excavations of the Temple of Tanis • Painted pottery (1885 and 1886), at Naukratis and Daphnae in the Nile River delta, which proved that those sites had been trading colonies for the ancient Greeks. • Tombs of the First Dynasty at Abydos (1899); in which Petrie spent 6 years (1898-1904) excavating the necropolis of Abydos, discovering the royal cenotaphs of the predynastic era.• A magnificent collection of Twelfth Dynasty jewels from the excavations of Dandarah, Memphis and the Faiyûm• Letters of Amana• Tell el -Yahudiyeh Ware