Topic > The Political Situation in Brazil During the Cold War

The Cold War was a sensitive, but sure, rivalry between the United States Army, the Soviet Union, and their allies. He dedicated himself to the political, economic and propaganda front. Brazil was an ally of the United States during the war, but when the United States responded radically to the Cuban revolution, Brazil was vulnerable and saw danger everywhere. When Kubitschek presented his plan to restore relations with the United States, everything fell into place. An exclusionary political system before 1954 was interrupted when Juscelino Kubitschek became Brazil's twenty-first president in 1955. Kubitschek's main motto was fifty years in five. It was a time of social stability and further industrialization that led to great achievements for Brazil, such as Brasilia itself. Brasilia was a city perfectly built to become the new capital of Brazil, better accommodating the congress, as well as being centralized, thus facilitating international business. Kubitschek's presidency subsequently ceases, Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essayJânio Quadros, former mayor of São Paulo, ruled Brazil for 7 months until 1961. Quadros was known for his populist governing style, honesty and arbitrary behavior that put Brazil on the map. Brazil became internationally significant when Quadros' foreign policy of uniting and balancing the Eastern Bloc and the United States became popular. Furthermore, Quadros accepted a parliamentary regime due to confrontation with the military. However, in 1963 a plebiscite was held which once again reinstated the era of the presidency. However, he effectively ended his career when he had no reliable government plans to make Brazil grow. Unusual measures were introduced, such as the unacceptability of bikinis on beaches, the ban on “Lanca-Perfume” and more. After suffering months of unpopularity and hatred, he decided to resign. When João Goulart came to power in 1963, his "Three-Year Plan" was initiated, dedicated to creating socio-economic developments. To realize this plan, Goulart began to undergo his structural reforms. Jango's structural reforms divided Brazilian society into 2 parties: left-wing parties, such as student organizations, and right-wing parties, such as high-ranking military officers. This enormous political radicalization has generated disagreement between these two halves of Brazilian society. After numerous protests against the ideologies presented, military action was desperately desired to restore everything. As soon as the Minister of the Navy, Sílvio Motta, ordered the arrest of the Sailors, a military coup was unleashed. From 31 to 1 April 1964, the armed forces took control of the government and Joao Goulart's regime officially ended. The military coup of 1964 was the result of the belief that Joao Goulart was leading Brazil towards a communist destiny. According to the National Security Doctrine, which firmly established that the Armed Forces were entirely responsible for the stability of the state, the supervision of political, economic and social systems, and the integration of international capitalist systems, soldiers had the right to move. Chaos and conflict flourished throughout the period 1964-1968, thus representing controversial judgments by the military dictatorship. Many believed the soldiers were unfair to their treatment of those who opposed their views, while others agreed with such behavior. The media has always been a very influential medium used to spread news andinformation around the world. With technological advancements, data has managed to reach people's attention even faster. But with these facts have also come rumors and warning news that could offend and displease those who read them. During the 1960s and 1970s, Brazilian citizens provoked artistic movements that protested against the regime. Those who were politically engaged argued for the need for social change and therefore acted as spokesmen for social evolution through their lyrics. Separately, others have generated their own acts against cultural criteria. The government could not please everyone, so different and unequal beliefs were introduced, which later led to conflicts of interest. The media, as a means of mass communication, was extremely dangerous to the government. Through their rapid influential power, opposing ideologies could threaten governments' beliefs and positions. Therefore censorship was imposed, preventing artists from publishing their original pieces if doing so would offend or damage the authority. The military government enforced censorship, funding and regulation against the media. Censorship controlled the content of the media and ensured that this particular piece definitely obeyed the precise demands created by the regime. As far as regulation goes, every piece had to go through government scrutiny. It even got to the point where people, artists, journalists and others disappeared or were forced into exile from the country due to their disapproval of the way things worked during the dictatorship. Finally, media funding has served as a way to systematically create the erasure of every other voice. During the time of the 1964 Squadron Coup, Brazilian citizens fought for their rights through rebellions to convey their enlightening messages. The streets were occupied by angry crowds fighting for their beliefs. On March 28, 1968, military bureaucrats invaded the Calabouço restaurant, where students gathered. The police assured that the communists were gathering at the site, then invaded. A violent repression occurred with approximately six hundred students, which led to the death of the student Edson de Santos. Furthermore, on March 29, 1968, fifty thousand people gathered, which later gave rise to a movement of one hundred thousand people gathered to fight against the incident occurred with the students. This movement was known as the "March of One Hundred Thousand". The people who had previously supported the "Family March with God for Freedom" and the "Victory March" were there, including mothers, priests, children, elderly people, artists and more. A wide variety of cultures concentrated on an equivalent goal: to stop the military madness. Furthermore, in December 1968, the first artistic movement was born. The show “Opinião”, in which important artists, including Nara Leão and Zé Keti, represented their disagreement. From then on, large amounts of rebellions materialized through the media, one of them in 1965 where Globo TV expressed how dark the times were during the military dictatorship and how the emptiness filled people's souls. However, between the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s, the “Tropicalist Movement” took hold, a cultural movement that mixed demonstrations with new aesthetic innovations. It was basically a predominant musical genre in the 60s that great artists such as Caetano Veloso and Chico Buarque pursued. Songs, poems, newsletters and more were heavily used to take a firm stand against the military coup. With technological progress and expansion, television and radiothey were extremely common among the population, therefore social and cultural positions were strongly shared with the public. As time passed, the government began to realize how threatening these artistic movements were becoming, so measures should be taken. An example of how the media successfully opposed the military system is for example the song by Chico Buarque - "Despite you", published in 1970. The first verses express how arduous it was to live during the dictatorship. It shows how they had no say in the matter. How their lives were monitored and spied on. How “Speaking to the Side and Looking to the Floor” proved that free speech does not exist, that they literally had no voice. The citizens were afraid to speak and therefore looked down on them, oppressed by the conditions presented, they had no identity, nothing. It is also stated that the one who supposedly created the State, the same one who created the sins, forgot to create forgiveness. Nonetheless, Buarque clearly emphasizes that despite all this misery happening to Brazilian citizens, tomorrow is a bright new day and there is still hope. He asks the “One,” perhaps the army itself, how it will control the happiness and joy of those who are willing to fight and defend themselves. Chico Buarque says that the people will join forces to fight the military system through love and unity. As he says "You will pay for this, every single tear has fallen" and "all this repressed love, this contained sadness, cry", it clearly indicates that vengeance will indeed be exacted, and all lost lives and hopes will eventually be regained. Chico Buarque explains how the people, as all united, will put an end to this disgrace, they will put an end to this void. However, the government could not admit such a thing. They certainly could not accept such a revolt against their system without consequences. Subsequently, they applied censorship to widespread media, firmly blocking people's messages, such as torture, kidnapping, murder, assassinations and more. Many newspapers and reports have been criticized for being too sensationalist and perhaps threatening to the government. Others, such as songs and poems, were also criticized for expressing ideas contrary to the principles of the ministry. These artistic pieces caused cultural atrocities that could have contributed to further contemporary revolutionary movements, so military officials were concerned about these intimidations. The media as a vehicle of communication in fact had significant power over the information disseminated in the country, consequently the government had to contain as much of it as possible, before their tasks could be put at risk. In the period 1968-78, many institutional acts (AI), being rules created specifically for the military regime, were issued. The government claimed that their role was simply to culminate the subversion. However, one specific act, called AI-5, generated even more chaos among the Brazilian population. The AI-5, released on December 13, 1968, allowed the government to terminate mandates and suspend for ten years all political rights enjoyed by every citizen. It was also stated that the prisoner could have his belongings taken away and finally that Habeas Corpus, the legal right to liberty – until proven otherwise, the person is treated as free and innocent, lost its legal application on prisoners. .However, as the media was released closer to 1968, when the AI-5 was launched, the more difficult it was for those who printed it to escape government ambushes. Those who published their works during this period had no protection against the actions the government took against them. 1978.