All humans appeared in Africa between 150,000 and 200,000 years ago. Humans began migrating out of Africa about 70,000 years ago. As humans spread across the world, populations met and mixed their genes. Skin color, hair texture, and blood type are influenced by separate genes that are inherited independently of each other. 85% of all genetic variants can be found within any local population. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay Visual characteristics, such as different skin colors, appear to have evolved recently after humans left Africa. Traits such as intelligence, musical ability, physicality are much older and more common to all populations. Today the net worth of the average black family is about 1/8 that of the average white family. Homes in predominantly white areas sell for much more than those in black, Hispanic, or integrated neighborhoods, so the power, wealth, and advantages/disadvantages that come with it are passed down from generation to generation. Wealth does not come from being self-made, but is the starting point for the next generation. When you take into account the “family wealth gap” between African Americans and whites, there is no difference in test scores, graduation rates, and welfare use. Lack of opportunity, not racial differences, are responsible for continued inequality. Italians, Jews and Greeks were considered by many to be separate races. It was said that their "whiteness" had to be conquered. The Naturalization Act of 1790 limited naturalized citizenship to "free white persons." New arrivals petitioned the courts to be legally designated white to obtain citizenship. In 1922, Takao Ozawa, a Japanese immigrant, appealed the rejection of his citizenship application. that his skin was physically white and that race should not matter to citizenship. The Supreme Court decided that the Japanese were not legally white based on science, which classified them as Mongoloids rather than Caucasians of United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind, the court contradicted itself by concluding that Asian Indians were not legally white, even though science had classified them as Caucasians the white man." Italians, Jews and other European ethnic groups fared better, especially after World War II, when segregated suburbs were built with the help of new federal policies and funding. Realtors and federal government regulations controlled and directed government-backed loans to white homeowners and kept nonwhites out. , allowing those who were once considered “not quite white” to blend in and reap the benefits of being white, including the accumulation of equity and wealth as their homes increased in value. Keep in mind: this is just one example. Get a custom paper now from our expert writers. Get a custom essay Those of color have been denied the same opportunities for wealth accumulation and upward mobility. In 1950, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization released a statement stating that all human beings belong to the same species and that biological races do not exist. “Colorblind” policies that ignore race cause these inequalities.