IndexIntroductionCultural diversityRememberingNonverbal behaviorConclusionIntroductionCommunication has many components that create one to transfer information to another using a set of skills that make it interpreted verbally or nonverbally by the one who are you communicating to. A topic to consider in the communication phases is cultural diversity. Another topic of interest after the communication phase of cultural diversity is interpreted as Remembering that it is part of the listening phase of communication. Both communication techniques are related to each other, which involves non-verbal behavior. So this essay analyzes how cultural diversity, memory and non-verbal behavior are represented by the characters in the film The Lion King (2019). Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay The Lion King (2019) is set in the Pride Lands; which is found in the Sahara Desert in Africa. This film begins with the introduction of King Mufasa and Queen Sarabi, the newborn Simba who will take over the role of king if anything were to happen to his father Mufasa. Rafinki shows a chuck to Simba, the animals of the pride lands, to watch as they cheer with joy at the birth of their new king. It is important that all animals from the herd lands are present at Simba's presentation to show unity and compassion for the king and queen's new son, but one did not attend; Who was Scar, brother of Mufasa and uncle of the newborn Simba? Mufasa says “Sarabi, and I didn't see you at Simba's presentation” (Favreau, 2019). Scar responds with "Was it today? It must have slipped my mind of course, I meant no disrespect to his majesty or Sarabi" (Favreau, 2019). Mufasa was disheartened with Scar for not being present at Simba's presentation, which later shows in his actions. Simba grows up to be an adventurous lion cub who tries to learn right from wrong with the help of his father and his guardian bird Zazu. In the next sequence of events, Simba wants to go on an adventure to a place called the Elephant Graveyard which lies beyond the Pride Lands. Mufasa tells Simba “Everything beyond the herd lands is dangerous, especially the elephant graveyard. You don't have to go there. Do you understand?" (Favreau, 2019). Simba replies “Okay, I understand” (Favreau, 2019). I later find out that Simba discusses with Scar the fact that Mufasa said not to go to the elephant graveyard. Scar encourages Simba to go , which he ends up doing with his best friend Nala. Scar ends up manipulating Simba into entering the gorge where the hyenas end up starting a wildebeest stampede to escape after him Mufasa to let him know that Simba was in trouble. He ends up making it to the gorge in time where he saves Simba and tries to escape on his own, Mufasa succeeds until Scar says "Long live the king" (Favreau, 2019). throat kills his brother Mufasa. Simba runs away after his father's death due to Scar telling Simba to run away and never return (Favreau, 2019). he is not later found by Nala while trying to find resources to survive. Nala tries to convince Simba to take the throne as king, but Simba refuses. Later Rafinki has a premonition that Simba was alive and grown, then finds him in the jungle where he was staggering through the jungle. Rafinki made Simba remember who he was by saying that his father was still alive and brought Simba to him, where he could communicate with his spirit. That ishe ended up bringing Simba back to the pack lands with Nala, Timon, and Pumbaa, so that Simba could regain his throne as king. Simba and Scar end up facing off against each other where Scar confesses to killing Mufasa, ending in Scars' death. Cultural Diversity In the prologue, before the movie starts the presentation takes place called the Circle of Life, this is the time when all the animals of the pride lands meet at the Pride Rock where the newly born king was shown by Rafinki . Although there is no communication, we could observe the other animals at this time. The cultural diversity displayed in this event proves that animals can live with each other as one. Whitehead, H., Laland, K.N., Rendell, L., Thorogood, R., and Whiten, A. (2019) state: “We define gene-culture coevolution inclusively, as occurring when cultural evolution shapes l genetic evolution, often but not always involving reciprocal interactions between the two. We compare genetics and culture as systems of inheritance and explain the different ways in which culture modifies genetic selection." (page 2). We see it among all the animals of the pride lands, where communication showed joy between King Mufasa, Queen Sarabi, and the newborn lion cub Simba. In The Lion King (2019) (Favreau, 2019) the process of cultural diversity among the animals was revealed to be present in living in unity with each other, which was shown in the Circle of Life. For example, Simba befriends Timon a meerkat and Pumbaa a pig; what was different about him being Nala's childhood friend in her ethnic enclave? When Timon and Pumbaa find Simba they say “You know what you can change? The future, this is our specialty. To change the future you must leave the past behind” (Favreau, 2019). Timon and Pumbaa then tell Simba “Hakuna Matata which means no worries” (Favreau, 2019). Although Simba was ethnically different from Timon and Pumbaa, they did not look at his race or background when they welcomed Simba into their family. The cultural diversity of all the animal changes from beginning to end, due to the scars taking on the role of king of the herd lands. Although Simba was in a culturally diverse atmosphere in the jungle with Pumbaa and Timon, the diversity in the pack lands was in chaos, due to the Scares taking over. Simba didn't understand until Nala was there what was happening at home. Nala states, “Simba, we have to leave. Scar has taken over the hyenas, you must take your place as king. We have to go home” (Favreau, 2019). Nala then tells Simba “Simba, Scar has decimated the pack lands, there is no food, no water” (Favreau, 2019). Scar dispersed the other animals from the pride's lands, leaving the king with only the lions, hyenas, and Zazu the butler. Whitehead, H., Laland, K.N., Rendell, L., Thorogood, R., and Whiten, A. (2019 ) states that “In stationary or slowly changing unimodal fitness landscapes, learning typically slows evolution by reducing phenotypic differences between genotypes". Although Simba leaves the pack land after his father's death caused by Scar, Scar changes the dynamic of cultural diversity in the area, introducing hyenas that had been removed from the pack lands because they were a threat to other animals. it is an important part of preserving the information that has been declared. Kocsis, B. (2016) states “Memories are stored, where and in what form depends on the long afterlife of the information acquired in the brain.” In The Lion King (2019), Simba recalls being in the gorge where he witnessed the death of his father Mufasa after falling from the cliff of the gorge to the fleeing wildebeests. Simba will remember this for the rest of hisjourney in search of himself and his purpose. Rafinki the Mandril had a premonition that Simba was still alive and grown. Rafinki finds Simba in the jungle where he was lurking to remind Simba who he was. Rafinki says: “The question is. Who are you?" (Favreau, 2019). Rafinki leads Simba to a piece of open ground where Mufasa appears in the night sky communicating to his son Simba saying: “You must take your place in the circle of life. You must remember who you are, the only true king. As a king, I was very proud of one thing. To have you as a son. No Simba, that is forever responds to Rafinki “I am Simba son of Mufasa” (Favreau, 2019) Simba now realizes his purpose, having communicated with his father above, helped him remember who he was and the role he must play as king of the land of pride. According to Kocsis, B. (2016) “Detailed knowledge including rhythmic coupling between the hippocampus and other structures (prefrontal cortex and amygdala) involved in different aspects of memory processing, for different types of neurons that enable spatial travel and possibly “mental” – provides a blueprint for future progress.” When Simba remembers that he is Mufasa's son, he realizes that he must take the king's throne from Scar. It was as if a trigger went off in Simba's memory port, which is located in the brain's hippocampus. This communicated to Rafinki that Simba remembered who he was with the help of him and his father's spirit. He also said that Simba now had a duty to perform towards the animals of the pride lands and that was to be king. As discussed above, cultural diversity within an environment can change the way people communicate with each other. In a slowly evolving environment, animals take a long time to adapt, as if they are already rich in cultural diversity. Unfortunately, for Simba, Nala and Sarabi this was the case they faced in the pride lands. Cultural diversity has been devastated as scars have taken over, leaving only the hyenas, Zazu, and lions living among them. Nonverbal Behavior Many sources can contribute to nonverbal behavior in animals. In The Lion King (2019), a clear common source of nonverbal behavior was the stampede that occurred in the gorge. According to Corucci (2016), cited in Evolutionary Developmental Soft Robotics As a Framework to Study Intelligence and Adaptive Behavior in Animals and Plants (2017), “Time-dependent environmentally mediated developmental processes are modeled within the system, on the distributed sensor base and control. The inputs and outputs of these control loops can be selected by evolution itself, along with the quality and extent of evolutionary adaptation (adaptation rates)" (p.4). "Where the evolution of this ability it allows the robustness to change environments and the generalization of evolved behavior to conditions never seen before.” After Simba is lured into the gorge by Scar and the tagged wildebeest begin to flee, the hyenas run towards Simba; Scar runs without hesitation towards Mufasa where he says “Mufasa stopped stamping in Simbas throat over there” (Favreau, 2019). We can witness fear in both Simba and Mufasa without them having to communicate anything to each other. “It is known that animals can form lasting memories of specific individuals simply by observing the subtle emotional expressions they exhibit on their faces” (Proops, L., Grounds, K., Smith, A.V., & McComb, K. 2018, as cited in Animals Remember Previous Facial Expressions that Specific Humans Have Exhibited, 2018, p.1428). Memory affects nonverbal behavior in The Lion King (2019), between Simba and Scar, Simba and Nala, and with Simba, Timon and Pumbaa. Non-verbal behavior.