Topic > Literature as a Vehicle of Social Criticism - 1139

With its dramatization of the historical subject of the Salem witch trials, Arthur Miller's play The Crucible (1953) presents an allegory of the McCarthy era. The Salem witch trials took place in Massachusetts (1692) and were based on a series of hearings and criminal proceedings against people accused of witchcraft. The show speaks to those who lived under a repressive regime or in a society where people questioned their opinions, leading to executions and punishments. After the end of World War II, during the McCarthy era, Americans embraced the same ideology as in 1692 and began a series of attacks against those they believed to be communists. Although McCarthy's witch hunt did not require execution, many suffered irreparable damage to their lives, even more so to their reputations. Miller, intelligently, manages to emphasize this aspect in his work. It also satirizes the current puritanical education system and encapsulates mass hysteria, an element that could apply to the McCarthy era. Finally, he understands the widespread popularity of spreading rumors, which have led to accusations. One of the aspects that Miller satirized was the Puritan education system and the distorted beliefs that people adopted out of fear of the unknown. The portrayal of women and education introduce the audience to the limits of the beliefs of the time. Reverend Hale is presented as a high-ranking specialist intellectually. During Miller's description of Hale in Act I, the audience encounters sarcastic tones in his manner of introduction. He states, “…almost every man of culture, (Hale) spent much of his time reflecting on the invisible world…” (31). Miller satirizes Hale, who is believed to have expertise in witchcraft. He arrives naive and... middle of paper... Sarah Good. She was one of the first women accused of witchcraft. He always muttered and spoke in a low voice. Due to the paranoia in the city, people developed rumors about Sarah Good, which led to wild accusations and executions. These rumors also shift the blame from one person to another, the Putnams claim that their children died due to evil spirits while Mrs. Putnam claims that she "laid seven unbaptized children upon the earth" (Act I, 14), however, this is an easy escape. Instead of taking responsibility and blame for her children's deaths, she blames witchcraft to compensate for her loss. Arthur Miller's The Crucible serves as an allegory of the McCarthy era in the United States, as a basis for satirizing and criticizing Puritan society. Miller focuses on the role of women and education, mass hysteria, and the spreading of rumors that lead to accusations.