Significant health disparities exist between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Being an Indigenous Australian means that the person is and identifies as an Indigenous Australian, recognizes their Indigenous heritage, and is accepted as such in the community in which they live (Daly, Speedy, & Jackson, 2010). Compared to non-Indigenous Australians, Aboriginal people die at much younger ages, have greater disabilities and experience a reduced quality of life due to health problems. This difference in health status is why the health of Indigenous Australians is often described as “third world health in a first world nation” (Carson, Dunbar, Chenhall, & Bailie, 2007, p.xxi). Aboriginal health care in the present and future should encompass a holistic approach that includes social, emotional, spiritual and cultural wellbeing to be culturally responsive to improve Indigenous health. There are three dimensions of health: physical, social and mental, all of which are interrelated to determine an individual's overall health. If one of these dimensions is compromised, this affects the functioning of the other two dimensions and, overall, an individual's state of health. The social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age and include education, economy, social gradient, stress, early childhood, social inclusion, employment, transportation, food and social support (Gruis, 2014 ). ). Social determinants that specifically negatively impact the health of Indigenous Australians include poverty, class, racism, education, employment, country/territory and housing (Isaacs, 2014). If these defining social inequalities are remedied, Indigenous Australians will have the same opportunities as non-Indians… middle of the paper… across the two dimensions of productivity. Social determinants are the situations in which people are born, grow up, live, work and age, which is why they are so influential on an individual's current and future health status. Aboriginal people die at much younger ages, have greater disabilities and experience reduced quality of life due to health problems, which in some way may be linked to the social determinants of health. For many of these social determinants, programs have been implemented to try to redress disparities in health status between Indigenous Australians and non-Indigenous Australians. If these programs work, it will be possible to close the gap between Indigenous Australians and non-Indigenous Australians and the health of Indigenous Australians will not be described as third world health in a first world country, as Aboriginal health is described today..