The economics of industrial production, the limitation of global energy supply, and the realities of environmental conservation represent an ongoing concern for all industries. Everywhere you turn, there is another call to save energy, reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment for posterity. Pinch analysis is a tool used to design heat exchanger networks (HENs) that reduce energy consumption. This article will cover a brief introduction to pinch analysis, application of the second law of thermodynamics in the design of heat exchanger networks. Pinch Analysis: Pinch technology is the technology that provides a systematic methodology for energy savings in total processes and sites. The methodology is based on the first minimum and second minimum of thermodynamics. Application of Pinch technology to HEN synthesis of heat exchanger networks. Pinch analysis uses the Temperature-Enthalpy (TH) diagram, the composite curves. the temperature axis represents the driving forces available for heat transfer, while the enthalpy axis shows the demand and supply of heat. For processes with multiple cold streams, the heat loads of the individual processes can be combined into a single "cold composite curve" drawn on a TH temperature-enthalpy diagram, which represents the enthalpy demand profile of the process. Likewise, all thermal tasks for hot streams can be combined into a single “hot composite curve”, which represents the enthalpy availability profile of the process. The next step is to recover some of the heat from the hot streams to the cold streams. The optimal value of the minimum approach temperature (∆Tmin) is first determined based on the economic trade-off between the cost savings from heat recovery and the capital cost of the heat exchangers. The TH curves are therefore ...... in the center of the sheet ...... follows: Flow Hos Flow Cols Flow Tin(K) Tout (K) Cp (MW/KG) Flow Tin(K) Tout (K ) Cp (MW/KG)H1 204.4 65.6 1.3 C1 65.6 182 1.29H2 248.9 158.6 1.66 C2 37.8 204 1.1H3 158.6 121.1 1, 66 C3 93.3 204 1.3Result: Utility used Total entropy (MW/K ) Average area2HP steam 0.846 3.36E+05MP steam 1.049 1.92E+05LP steam 1.201 1.63E+05The result shows that the maximum total entropy is for the networks used HP steam with less surface area needed and the minimum total entropy is for LP steam useConclusion: The second minimum of thermodynamics can be used as a tool to minimize the utility cost in a heat exchanger network problem heat. Low total entropy productions show better utilization of energy quality but at a high area cost. This can help the mathematical programming mode to control the entropy of the system rather than the utility cost.
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